数据更新
简单的做法是删除重新插入update()函数语法 db.集合.update(更新条件,新的对象数据(更新操作符),upsert,multi)upsert如果要更新的数据不存在,则增加一条新的内容(true为增加,false不增加)multi:是否只更新满足条件的第一条记录,设置为false只更行第一个,true全更新> db.stu.find({},{ "_id":0}){ "name" : "张三", "sex" : "男", "age" : 18, "score" : 70, "address" : "河南" }{ "name" : "李四", "sex" : "女", "age" : 20, "score" : 60, "address" : "山东" }{ "name" : "王五", "sex" : "男", "age" : 17, "score" : 44, "address" : "江苏" }{ "name" : "赵六", "sex" : "男", "age" : 21, "score" : 80, "address" : "山东" }{ "name" : "孙七", "sex" : "女", "age" : 23, "score" : 50, "address" : "湖北" }{ "name" : "tom", "sex" : "男", "age" : 24, "score" : 20, "address" : "海南" }{ "name" : "lucy", "sex" : "女", "age" : 21, "score" : 62, "address" : "浙江" }{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国" }{ "name" : "smith", "sex" : "男", "age" : 19, "score" : 88, "address" : "美国" }#1.把年龄<20岁的分数更新为60db.stu.find({ "age":{ "$lt":20}},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "张三", "sex" : "男", "age" : 18, "score" : 70, "address" : "河南" }{ "name" : "王五", "sex" : "男", "age" : 17, "score" : 44, "address" : "江苏" }{ "name" : "smith", "sex" : "男", "age" : 19, "score" : 88, "address" : "美国" }db.stu.update({ "age":{ "$lt":20}},{ "$set":{ "score":100}},false,false);WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })#只修改了一个db.stu.find({ "age":{ "$lt":20}},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "张三", "sex" : "男", "age" : 18, "score" : 100, "address" : "河南" }{ "name" : "王五", "sex" : "男", "age" : 17, "score" : 44, "address" : "江苏" }{ "name" : "smith", "sex" : "男", "age" : 19, "score" : 88, "address" : "美国" }#全部修改db.stu.update({ "age":{ "$lt":20}},{ "$set":{ "score":100}},false,true);db.stu.find({ "age":{ "$lt":20}},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "张三", "sex" : "男", "age" : 18, "score" : 100, "address" : "河南" }{ "name" : "王五", "sex" : "男", "age" : 17, "score" : 100, "address" : "江苏" }{ "name" : "smith", "sex" : "男", "age" : 19, "score" : 100, "address" : "美国" }save()db.stu.save({ "_id" : ObjectId("592cc2e00be561e9e879bcb5"),"name":'张三三'});只能根据_id更新 修改器
1.$inc :针对于一个数字字段,修改数字字段内容
语法: {"$inc":{"字段":步调}}
db.stu.find({},{ "_id":0}); { "name" : "张三", "sex" : "男", "age" : 18, "score" : 70, "address" : "河南" }{ "name" : "李四", "sex" : "女", "age" : 20, "score" : 60, "address" : "山东" }{ "name" : "王五", "sex" : "男", "age" : 17, "score" : 44, "address" : "江苏" }{ "name" : "赵六", "sex" : "男", "age" : 21, "score" : 80, "address" : "山东" }{ "name" : "孙七", "sex" : "女", "age" : 23, "score" : 50, "address" : "湖北" }{ "name" : "tom", "sex" : "男", "age" : 24, "score" : 20, "address" : "海南" }{ "name" : "lucy", "sex" : "女", "age" : 21, "score" : 62, "address" : "浙江" }{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国" }{ "name" : "smith", "sex" : "男", "age" : 19, "score" : 88, "address" : "美国" } 将年龄为21的score-10db.stu.update({ "age":21},{ "$inc":{ "score":-10}});只修改了一个全部修改score-10 age+10db.stu.update({ "age":21},{ "$inc":{ "score":-10,"age":10}},false,true); 2. $set 内容重置
db.stu.update({ "age":31},{ "$set":{ "score":100}}) 3.$unset 删除某个成员内容
{ "$unset":{ "字段":1}}删除tom的年龄和地址db.stu.update({ "name":'tom'},{ "$unset":{ "age":1,"address":1}});db.stu.find({ "name":"tom"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "tom", "sex" : "男", "score" : 20 } 4. $push 将内容追加到指定成员中
{ "$push":{ "字段":value}}db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国" }db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$push":{ "course":1}})> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 1 ] }db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$push":{ "course":2}}){ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 1, 2 ] } 5.$pushAll
{ "$pushAll":{ "成员":数组}}> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$pushAll":{ "course":[3,4,5]}})WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] }
6. $addToSet 向数组里增加内容,不存在时才增加
{ "$addToSet":{ "成员":"内容"}}> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$addToSet":{ "course":1}});WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 0 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] }> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$addToSet":{ "course":6}});WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ] }
7. $pop 删除数组内的数据
1 (大于0)从尾部出
-1 (小于0)从头部出> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$pop":{ "course":1}});WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] }> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$pop":{ "course":-1}});WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 2, 3, 4, 5 ] } 8.$pull 从数组内删除一个指定的元素(根据值)
db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$pull":{ "course":4}});> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ 2, 3 ] } 9.$pullAll 一次性删除多个内容
{$pull:{ "成员":[数据1,数据2 ,...]}}> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$pullAll":{ "course":[2,3,4]}});WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ ] } 10.$rename 重命名成员名称
{ "$rename":{ "旧成员名称":"新成员名称"}}> db.stu.update({ "name":"jack"},{ "$rename":{ "sex":'sex1'}});WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })> db.stu.find({ "name":"jack"},{ "_id":0});{ "name" : "jack", "age" : 20, "score" : 90, "address" : "美国", "course" : [ ], "sex1" : "男" }